Chapter 8: Leaving the Water

Review Questions for Chapter 8

Introduction

• Christopher Scotese's Cool Maps of the Paleozoic World including the Early Devonian (390 Ma) or Here for Collision Watchers
  and also the Early Carboniferous (Mississippian) (356 Ma) and the Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) (306 Ma)
  
  

The Origin of Land Plants

• A History of Paleozoic Forests
• The Earliest (Silurian) Plants and Plant Spores
• Living Aquatic Relatives of "Drier Algae" (i.e., "Higher Land Plants")
  
  

The Earliest Land Floras

• Devonian Sphenophyta were Trees while Today they are Horsetails
• Devonian Lycophyta were Scale Trees Over 35 m Tall while Today they are Club Mosses
• Devonian Plants
• Pertica quadrifaria: Maine's 390 Ma. State Fossil
• Illustration of the Ancient Lizard-like Reptile, Hylonomus in a Coal Forest (350 Ma)
• Images of Eastern Nevada Fossil Plants (330 Ma)
• Images of Non-flowering Plants
• An Introduction to Ferns
• Links for Paleobotanists
  
  

Comparing Plant and Animal Evolution

• Contrasting Aquatic and Land Habitats for Vertebrates
• Brief Lecture Notes on Differences between Aquatic and Land Habitats
  
  

The First Land Animals

• First Appearances by Group
• The Earliest Animals on Land Left Trails
  
  

Rhipidistians (and Other Lobefins)

• Introduction to Bony Fishes
• Very Cool Coelacanth Website
• Recent Discovery of Living Coelacanths 6,000 Miles from Only Previous Known Site
• An Extinct Lungfish
• Living Lungfish
  
  

The First Amphibian

• Henry Gee's Brief Description of the Creature From the Black Lagoon, the Earliest Tetrapod
• Jenny Clack's Excellent Account of Acanthostega at the Tree of Life Website
• Elginerpeton, the Earliest Amphibian or here
• Comparison of Eusthenopteron and Acanthostega Skulls
• Douglas Henderson's Illustrations of Hynerpeton bassetti (363 Ma) and Ichthyostega
• Richard Cowen's Locomotion and Respiration in Marine Air-Breathing Vertebrates

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