Chapter 16: Marine Reptiles

Review Questions for Chapter 16

Animation Courtesy of The EuroTurtle Page

Turtles

• UC Berkeley's Introduction to the Turtles and Their Kin
• Overview of Anapsid Fossil Diversity
• Comparison of Anapsid Skulls
• The Oldest Known Anapsid Reptile: Acleistorhinus (ah-kles-toe-RYE-nuss) from the Oklahoma Lower Permian (270 Mya)
• An Example of an Early Anapsid Group Related to Turtles: Pareiasauria
• Other Anapsid Group Related to Turtles: Procolophonoids (PRO-col-oh-phon-oids)
• The Oldest Known Sea Turtle (110 Mya) from Brazil (Plus a Slide Show of Extinct Marine Reptiles!)
• University of Michigan's Species Accounts for Testudines (Turtles)
• Note that Cowen's "Phylogram" of Reptiles (p. 173) Places Turtles within Diapsida (= Sauria), Whereas Formerly Authorities Place Turtles as Sister Taxon of Diapsida (= Sauria)
• Cowen's Cladogram Reflects Accumulating Evidence Based on Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Comparisons Supporting the Monophyly of a Turtle + Archosaur Clade Exclusive of Lepidosaurs (More Links: 1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7)
• Seaworld's Overview of Sea Turtles
• The EuroTurtle Introduction to Sea Turtles
• Turtle Web Links
• Charles Darwin's Description of the Galapagos Tortoises
• California Turtle and Tortoise Club Website
  
  
  
  Visit the source of this page's Featured Image at: Tree of Life Website

Crocodiles

• Crocodile Web Links
• Chris Bochu's Website on Crocodile Systematics
• Hear Crocodiles Talk
• Recently Discovered Gigantic Super Crocodile, Sarcosuchus (110 Mya)
• Dan Varner's Painting of a Middle to Late Jurassic 'Fish-like' Crocodile Geosaurus Unrelated but Convergent to Ichthyosaurs
• Lecture Notes on Crocodiles and Other Aquatic Reptiles
• Excellent Overview of Archosaurs including Crocodiles

Ichthyosaurs

• Introduction to the Ichthyosaurs
• Image of Ichthyosaur with Skin
• Some of the Best Preserved Ichthyosaurs are from the Saurian Expedition of 1905 to West Humboldt Range in Nevada
• Berlin-Ichthyosaur Fossil State Park Near Reno, Nevada (Also See July '01 Natural History Article)
• The Jurassic Ichthyosaur Stenopterygius
• Nature's Special Multimedia Introduction to Discovery of Largest Ever Ichthyosaur Fossil or Summary

Sauropterygians (Including Plesiosaurs)

• Oliver Rieppel's Home Page
• Kid's Guide to "Nothosaurs" and Plesiosaurs
• Dan Varner's Images of Late Jurassic Crytoclidus Plesiosaurs Cruising
  and a Nothosaur (Triassic) prowling the shallow sea for food
• A Small Fossil Skeleton of a Nothosaur
• A Semi-Aquatic Placodont, Placodus, (Triassic) Grubbing for Clams
• Year 1 of Digging Up a Plesiosaur in South Dakota and Year 2
• Good Overview of Plesiosaurs
• On Mosasaurs and Plesiosaurs
• "Plesiosaur Carcass" Netted in 1977 was More Likely a Basking Shark

Mosasaurs

• On Mosasaurs and Plesiosaurs
• Mosasaurs from New Mexico
• Excellent Cretaceous Marine Reptiles Page by Karen Carr and Mike Everhart
• Short Paleo-Fiction by Mike Everhart, One Day in the Life of a Mosasaur
• Mosasaur Skeletons Mounted at South Dakota School of Mines
• See How Large Various Mosasaurs Were at the Virtual Mosasaur Museum
• The Recent Book Ancient Marine Reptiles at
  

Air Breathers at Sea

• Prof. Cowen's Online Article on How Marine Reptiles Breathed

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This page was created Fall, 1998, last checked on 3/24/01 and last updated on 10/31/01.
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